Clinical Microbiology Newsletter
Volume 30, Issue 20
, Pages 151-158
, 15 October 2008
Opportunistic Free-living Amebae, Part I1
References
-
.
Pathogenic and opportunistic free-living amoebae: Acanthamoeba spp., Balamuthia mandrillaris, Naegleria fowleri, and Sappinia diploidea
.
FEMS Immunol. Microbiol.
. 2007;50:1–26
-
.
Pathogenic and opportunistic free-living amebae
.
In:
Murray PR
, et al.
editor.
Manual of clinical microbiology
. 9th ed.. Washington, DC: ASM press; 2007;p. 2082–2091
- . Free-living amphizoic and opportunistic amebas . Brain Pathol. . 1997;7:583–598
- . Free-living amoebae as opportunistic and nonopportunistic pathogens of humans and animals . Int. J. Parasitol. . 2004;34:1001–1027
-
.
Pathogenic and opportunistic free-living amebas: Acanthamoeba spp., Balamuthia mandrillaris, Naegleria fowleri, and Sappinia diploidea
.
In:
Guerrant RL
, Walker DH
, Weller PF
editor.
Tropical infectious diseases. Principles, pathogens, & practice
. vol. 2:
Philadelphia, PA: Churchill Livingstone; 2006;p. 1114–1125
-
.
Free-living amebas: natural history, prevention, diagnosis, pathology, and treatment of disease
. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, Inc.; 1985;
-
.
A new key to freshwater and soil gymnamoebae
. Ambleside, Cumbria, United Kingdom: Freshwater Biological Association; 1988;
- The new higher-level classification of eukaryotes with emphasis on the taxonomy of protists . J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. . 2005;52:399–451
- . Re-definition of the genus Acanthamoeba with descriptions of three species . J. Protozool. . 1967;14:709–724
- . Acanthamoeba: observations on animal pathogenicity . Science . 1958;127:1506
- . Microorganisms resistant to free-living amoebae . Clin. Microbiol. Rev. . 2004;17:413–433
- Ameba-associated microorganisms and diagnosis of nosocomial pneumonia . Emerg. Infect. Dis. . 2006;12:248–255
-
Phylogenetic diversity among geographically dispersed Chlamydiales endosymbionts from clinical and environmental isolates of Acanthamoeba spp
.
Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
. 2000;66:613–619
- Isolation of an amoeba naturally harboring a distinctive Legionella species . Appl. Environ. Microbiol. . 1998;64:1688–1693
- Interaction of Mycobacterium avium with environmental amoebae enhances virulence . Infect. Immun. . 1997;65:3759–3767
- . Isolation of Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 from human feces with use of amebic cultures . Clin. Infect. Dis. . 1998;26:502–503
- Isolation of Legionella anisa using an amoebic coculture procedure . J. Clin. Microbiol. . 2001;39:365–366
- Amoebal coculture of “Mycobacterium massiliense” sp. nov. from the sputum of a patient with hemoptoic pneumonia . J. Clin. Microbiol. . 2004;42:5493–5501
- The 1.2 megabase genome sequence of mimivirus . Science . 2004;306:1344–1350
- . Cultivation of pathogenic and opportunistic free-living amebas . Clin. Microbiol. Rev. . 2002;15:342–354
- Fatal disseminated Acanthamoeba lenticulata infection in a heart transplant patient . Emerg. Infect. Dis. . 2007;13:736–738
-
Acanthamoeba encephalitis in patient with systemic lupus, India Emerg
.
Infect. Dis.
. 2006;12:984–986
- In vitro culture, serologic and molecular analysis of Acanthamoeba isolated from the liver of a keel-billed toucan (Ramphastos sulfuratus) . Vet. Parasitol. . 2007;143:74–78
- Early diagnosis of Acanthamoeba infection during routine cytological examination of cerebrospinal fluid . J. Clin. Microbiol. . 2006;44:1903–1904
- . Inability to make a premortem diagnosis of Acanthamoeba species infection in a patient with fatal granulomatous amebic encephalitis . J. Clin. Microbiol. . 2005;43:3003–3006
- Immunohistochemical diagnosis and histopathologic spectrum of amebic meningoencephalitis . Mod. Pathol. . 2007;20:1230–1237
- . Demonstration of Balamuthia and Acanthamoeba mitochondrial DNA in sectioned archival brain and other tissues by the polymerase chain reaction . Parasitol. Res. . 2007;102:211–217
- Detection of antibodies against free-living amoebae Balamuthia mandrillaris and Acanthamoeba species in a population of patients with encephalitis . Clin. Infect. Dis. . 2006;42:1260–1265
- Standardized method of measuring Acanthamoeba antibodies in sera from healthy subjects . Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol. . 2001;8:724–730
- . Acanthamoeba spp. as agents of disease in humans . Clin. Microbiol. Rev. . 2003;16:273–307
- In vitro destruction of nerve cell cultures by Acanthamoeba spp.: a transmission and scanning electron microscopy study . J. Parasitol. . 1996;82:769–777
- Induction of morphological and electrophysiological changes in hamster cornea after in vitro interaction with trophozoites of Acanthamoeba spp . Infect. Immun. . 2004;72:3245–3251
- . Acanthamoeba: biology and increasing importance in human health . FEMS Microbiol. Rev. . 2006;30:564–595
- Extracellular proteases of Acanthamoeba castellanii (encephalitis isolate belonging to T1 genotype) contribute to increased permeability in an in vitro model of human blood-brain barrier . J. Infect. . 2005;51:150–156
- Identification and properties of proteases from an Acanthamoeba isolate capable of producing granulomatous encephalitis . BMC Microbiol. . 2006;6:42
- Detection of serine proteinase gene in Acanthamoeba genotype T6 (Amoebozoa: Lobosea) . Exp. Parasitol. . 2006;114:26–33
- . The pathophysiology of Acanthamoeba keratitis . Trends Parasitol. . 2006;22:175–180
-
In vitro pathogenicity of Acanthamoeba is associated with the expression of the mannose-binding protein
.
Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.
. 2006;47:1056–1062
- Oral immunization with Acanthamoeba castellanii mannose-binding protein ameliorates amoebic keratitis . Infect. Immun. . 2006;74:7032–7034
- Acanthamoeba keratitis in non-contact lens wearers in India. DNA typing-based validation and a simple detection assay . Arch. Ophthalmol. . 2004;122:1430–1434
-
.
Acanthamoeba polyphaga keratitis and Acanthamoeba uveitis associated with fatal meningoencephalitis
.
Trans. Ophthalmol. Soc. U.K.
. 1975;95:221–232
-
.
Acanthamoeba keratitis update—incidence, molecular epidemiology and new drugs for treatment
.
Eye
. 2003;17:893–905
- . Epidemiology of free-living ameba infection . J. Protozool. . 1990;37:25S–33S
- . The epidemiology of Acanthamoeba keratitis in the United States . Am. J. Ophthalmol. . 1989;107:331–336
- Epidemiological characteristics of a Chicago-area Acanth amoeba keratitis . Am. J. Ophthalmol. . 2006;142:212–217
-
Braden, C. et al. 2007. Multistate outbreak of Acanthamoeba keratitis associated with a contact lens solution. Poster presented at the 44th Annual Meeting of the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA), October 4–7, 2007, San Diego, CA.
- Tandem scanning confocal corneal microscopy in the diagnosis of suspected Acanthamoeba keratitis . Ophthalmology . 2006;113:538–547
- Identification and distribution of Acanthamoeba species genotypes associated with nonkeratitis infections . J. Clin. Microbiol. . 2005;43:1689–1693
- ITS1 sequence variabilities correlate with 18S rDNA sequence types in the genus Acanthamoeba (Protozoa: Amoebozoa) . Parasitol. Res. . 2006;98:86–93
- Development of a real-time PCR assay for quantification of Acanthamoeba trophozoites and cysts . J. Microbiol. Methods . 2006;64:78–83
- A multiplex real-time PCR assay for simultaneous detection of Acanthamoeba spp., Balamuthia mandrillaris and Naegleria fowleri . J. Clin. Microbiol. . 2006;44:3589–3595
-
A case of successful treatment of cutaneous Acanthamoeba infection in a lung transplant recipient
.
Transplant Infect. Dis.
. 2007;9:51–54
- . In-vitro activity of miltefosine and voriconazole on clinical isolates of free-living amebas Balamuthia mandrillaris, Acanthamoeba spp., and Naegleria fowleri . J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. . 2006;53:121–126
- Cytotoxic activities of alkylphosphocholines against clinical isolates of Acanthamoeba spp . Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. . 2002;46:695–701
- Granulomatous amoebic encephalitis caused by Acanthamoeba amoebae of genotype T2 in a human immunodeficiency virus-negative patient . J. Clin Microbiol. . 2008;46:338–340
- Granulomatous amebic encephalitis in a patient with AIDS: isolation of Acanthamoeba sp. group II from brain tissue and successful treatment with sulfadiazine and fluconazole . J. Clin. Microbiol. . 2000;38:3892–3895
- Leptomyxid ameba, a new agent of amebic meningoencephalitis in humans and animals . J. Clin. Microbiol. . 1990;28:2750–2756
- . Balamuthia mandrillaris, N. G., N. Sp., agent of amebic meningoencephalitis in humans and other animals . J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. . 1993;40:504–514
- Fatal infections with Balamuthia mandrillaris (a free-living amoeba) in gorillas and other old world primates . Vet. Pathol. . 1997;34:15–22
Editor's Note: Part II of this article will be published in the November 1, 2008 issue of CMN (Vol. 30, No. 21).
PII: S0196-4399(08)00051-2
doi: 10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2008.09.004
© 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Clinical Microbiology Newsletter
Volume 30, Issue 20
, Pages 151-158
, 15 October 2008
